Review Questions 2/17

a) Is e-commerce possible without the Internet? Explain.

-->Although nowadays e-commerce is internet-based, e-commerce is possible with any telecommunications network. In the past, e-commerce was carried out with various different networks, it wasn't till the introduction of the world wide web that the internet became the main method of e-commerce.

b) Describe the 3 forms of e-commerce

Three forms of e commerce are:

--> business to business: a system where businesses interact with other organizations and businesses such as banks, distributors, etc.

-->Business to consumer: a system that has retail transactions between the business itself and individual consumers.

-->Consumer to consumer: This model represents businesses, individuals, and companies that are selling and buying directly with each other via the internet.

c) What are the purposes of an intranet? What are the main characteristics of an intranet?

-->The intranet is used in e-commerce because it has several characteristics that serve as benefits when conducting e-commerce. It has cross platform capability, open standards, reduced hardware and software costs, easy installation, and not much user training.

IB ITGS Exam Practice Questions

DESCRIBE:

1) Two input devices that would be used in a pilot training computer simulation.
--> The input devices may be headphones so that you can hear the sounds that may be present if one was actually flying the plane, so one could also practice communicating via radio when flying the plane.
--> Other input devices may include controls like the ones found in a plabne so that the pilot cou;d practice using them before actually taking flight.

2) One advantage and one disadvantage of schools providing their students with USB drives.
--> Advantage: Students wouldn't have an excuse as to why they don't have their assignment, because the school proviuded them with a USB to ensure they had a means of storing the assignment. It would be easier on the students part to bring in the assignemtn they were asked to and share it with the teacher.
--> Disadvantege: Students may misuse the uSB and store personal items on it not related to school, and use up all the space, not leaving any room for possible school assignments. The personal items of the USB may be music, pictures, or anything that can distract them from shcool work.

ITGS words

INTRANET: A self-contained intraorganizational network that is designed using the same technology as the Internet.
-->

MIDDLEWARE: Connectivity software linking the client and server machines, providing easy access to information.
-->Middleware allows for information to be easily transferred between clietns and servers making it essential for online businesses to serve their clientelle.

E-BUSINESS: Electronic business, commonly referred to as "eBusiness" or "e-business", may be defined as the utilization of information and communication technologies in support of all the activities of business.
--> This can allow for businesses to reach more clientelle and allow clients to reach the busineses more easily for support and service.

E COMMERCE Commercial services to consumers and business partners on the Web site.
-->Same benefitsd as an e-business, more quick access to customer support, as well as a more effiecnt customer support system that allows for more productivity.

DOT-COMS: a company that does most of its business on the internet usually through a website that uses the popular top level domain ".com"
-->

MOBILE COMMERCE: A system in which which workers use laptops and wireless handheld devices to take their offices with them wherever they travel.
--> Allows for the

ITGS Practice Questions

Define:
1) simulation: a rendition of a real event/place projected or presented with computer technology to allow an individual to expeirence somehting virtually, without the risks the may come with experiencing it in reality.
2) bandwidth: A term describing the capacity of a computer to download or upload information onto the internet or any network.
Answers:
1) Computer simulations are those programs based on models in order to imitate a certain scenario. Situations can be used in a wide spectrum of areas, including business, traffic, training,communalistic matters and the weather.
2) Bandwidth refers to the speed and capability of a connection (internet) to transfer a certian amoun to of data per unit of time. Most of the time the unit of time is seconds and the data is classified into ks (kbps). It also refers to the phycical measurements of the band through which connection cables pass.

Reveiw Questions page 379

10) In what ways can computer security protect the privacy of individuals? In what ways can computer security threatn the privscy of individuals?
The privacy of one can be protected becasue security methods will prevent unauthorized personel to access ones personal files or information. Sometimes in order to prevent computer crime, the rules made violate or threaten ones privacy.For example in order to prevent email servers from being hacked a law was passed allowing them to read user email.


11)What are smart weapons? How do they differ from conventional weapons? What are the advantages and risks of smart weapons?
Smart weapons are missiles that use computerized guidance systems to locate their targets. Whereas in normal missiles, they have to be aimed and shot, msart weapons can still be controlled after they are shot by a person who watches its path on a sreen and uses controls to direct it to the desired target. This allows for more accuracy when hitting a target, but it also lowers the amount fo time to make the life and death decisions. This can make errors go up, becasu epeople have less time toi think out whehter using the weapon is necessary or not.

Review Questions pg 379

7) What are the two inherent characteristics of computers that make computer security so difficult?
- A coputer does whatever it is programmed to do. This allows for anyone with enough knowledge to try and reprogram computers for their own reasons.

-A computer can do only what it is programmed to do, so it cant protect itslef from malfunctions and any trespassing or attacks from hackers.


8) Describe several different computer security techniques, and explain the purpose of each.

Biometrics: this and other physical access restircitiona allow only authorized individuals to access computers and information with fingerprints, faial recognition, iris scans, etc.

Passwords: These are words used to restrict unauthorized eprsonal fromaccessin accoutns and computers. Each individual comes up witht heri own personal password to keep others out.

Firewalls: "gates with locks" that guard against unauthorized access to an internal network.

Encryption: softawre used to scramble transmissions between computers so others cnanot read them.

Summary of Computer Security and Risks

Pages 266-268

Technology Notes

Security measures:

· Smart badge/Active badge: microprocessor controlled badges broadcast infrared identification codes every 15 seconds, which are picked up by networks transmitted to a badge receiver database that is constantly updated.

· These badges are used to

o IDENTIFY: it can be used to identify authorized employees and allow them entrance into buildings and access to files on computers.

o FIND: Employees can locate each others using computers and their badges.

o REMEMBER: One can at the end of the say see everywhere they went and to whom they communicated with by using their badges.

· Conferences use badges to help people meet each other. The badges have information on each person’s history and hobbies so they can find people with similar interests.

Justice on the Electronic frontier

· As computer crimes have increased, governments have created laws to prevent crimes and serve justice to those who violate them.

· Many hackers are punished for their crimes while some go unnoticed. Sometimes those that are found are unpunished because there was no solid law t the time preventing them from committing the crime, or it is argued that the government is violating their rights

· Man questions are raised over whether civil liberties relate to the electronic world and where the lines should be drawn.

· Laws such as the Telecommunications act, The Digital Millennium Copyright Act and Communications Decency Act have been passed to define the civil liberties and laws on the digital world.

· Although these laws were created to raise order in the digital world, they have sparked controversy over the rights of the people in this world of rapid technological change.

Security and Reliability

· Some of the issues with security are not related to crime, they have more to do with whether a computer system is reliable and can handle or prevent glitches and bugs

· There are more often software glitches than hardware problems.